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Replacing a XCP-NG Raid1 disk and growing the array

Check RAID status

cat /proc/mdstat

Identify RAID devices and members

mdadm --detail /dev/md0

If /dev/md0 doesn’t exist, check which md device is being used:

lsblk | grep md

Check physical disks and partitions

lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,TYPE,UUID,MOUNTPOINT

Check volume groups and logical volumes (if LVM is used)

vgs
lvs

Check mount points and filesystems

df -h

For Lenovo m720q host: 

cat /proc/mdstat # check everything is synced

mdadm /dev/md127 --fail /dev/nvme0n1 # fail drive
mdadm /dev/md127 --remove /dev/nvme0n1 # remove drive

mdadm --detail /dev/md127 # double check

shutdown -h now # power off host

Swap disk out.

sgdisk -R=/dev/nvme0n1 /dev/sda #  clone partiion layout of /dev/sda
sgdisk -G /dev/nvme0n1   # Give it a new unique GPT GUID

This will mirror the partitions and metadata exactly. The commands assume that the new drive is still /dev/nvme0n1.

mdadm /dev/md127 --add /dev/nvme0n1 # add new disk to the RAID
watch cat /proc/mdstat # check rebuild progress

Wait until [UU] is shown again and rebuild completes (could take 15–60+ minutes depending on system load and speed).

mdadm --grow /dev/md127 --size=max # grow the raid array to use the full disk
mdadm --detail /dev/md127 # verify that its has been successful

 Resize the Partition Table on /dev/md127

gdisk /dev/md127
  • Delete

    In gdisk:

    • p — print partition table (record start of partition 3)

    d — delete partition 3

    Recreate partition

    n — create new partition:

      Partition number: 3

      starting at

      First sector: type the exact samestart sector as(e.g., before75497472)

      (

      Last sector: just press Enter to avoid data loss), but use theaccept default for(uses the end (to use the rest of theremaining space)

      Write changes

      Hex code: default (8e00 for LVM)

      w — write and exit

      Double-check the start sector of md127p3 beforehand using lsblk -o NAME,START,SIZE or gdisk

      pvresize /dev/md127p3 # resize the LVM PV

       Expand Your Volume Group or Logical Volumes

      vgs # verify free space
lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/VG_XenStorage-xxx/VHD-xxxxx #example of estending the volume
resize2fs /dev/VG_XenStorage-xxx/VHD-xxxxx # grow filesystem if needed (EXT4)
xfs_growfs /mount/point # (if XFS)

      You can leave the free space in the VG for XenServer to manage VM disks.

      Final checks

      mdadm --detail --scan >> /etc/mdadm.conf # update mdadm config

      Double-check everything work;

      cat /proc/mdstat
vgs
lvs
df -h

      Other notes

      • VG_XenStorage-xxx: The Volume Group (VG) name

      vgs

      • VHD-xxxxx: The Logical Volume (LV) name

      lvs # can add VG name

      Crafted with the assistance of https://chatgpt.com/share/68328b0c-5094-8001-b27a-d7a27a61cdfc

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